Sources
Overview
The list below shows the sources we are working with, grouped by type of source. The box under each publisher's name shows what kind of publisher it is: a regulator or legislature, a multi-stakeholder body, industry or researchers. More are being added as we explore them (see the Roadmap). To suggest a source, email contact@ohtl.org.
Including a source here or in the Library does not mean OHTL endorses it.
How we handle sources
We record every source in its publisher's own words, with the edition, the date we retrieved it and a link to the original. We archive a copy where the publisher's terms allow. Each entry will say whether we hold the full text or only the category names. Company policies and classifier labels can change at any time, so we will re-check them regularly and record each change as a new version. Nothing on OHTL assesses any company's compliance with any law.
This is our working approach during phase 1 of the Roadmap. From phase 2, we will develop and publish formal policies on how sources are chosen, recorded and kept up to date, with the people and organisations who take part. If you would like to help, see Governance or email contact@ohtl.org.
Statutes and bills
- UK Parliament Regulator or legislatureOnline Safety Act 2023
- European Union Regulator or legislatureDigital Services Act, Article 34 systemic risks
- eSafety Commissioner (Australia) Regulator or legislatureClass 1 and Class 2 material under the Online Safety Act 2021
- Ministry of Law (Singapore) Regulator or legislatureOnline harms under the Online Safety (Relief and Accountability) Act 2025
- Parliament of Canada Regulator or legislatureBill C-34, Safe Social Media Act (bill introduced 10 June 2026)
Regulatory guidance and codes
- Ofcom Regulator or legislatureGuidance and Codes of Practice under the UK Online Safety Act 2023
- European Commission Regulator or legislatureGuidelines on the protection of minors under Article 28 DSA
- Coimisiún na Meán (Ireland) Regulator or legislatureOnline Safety Code
- Cyberspace Administration of China Regulator or legislatureProvisions on the Governance of the Online Information Content Ecosystem (unofficial English translation, China Law Translate)
Reporting templates
- European Commission Regulator or legislatureDSA transparency reporting categories of illegal and incompatible content, Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835
- OECD Multi-stakeholderVoluntary Transparency Reporting Framework for terrorist and violent extremist content
Standards and multi-stakeholder typologies
- National standard of China (TC260) Regulator or legislatureGB/T 45654-2025, Basic Safety Requirements for Generative AI Services (unofficial English translation, CSET)
- World Economic Forum Multi-stakeholderTypology of Online Harms
- OECD Multi-stakeholderChildren in the digital environment: Revised typology of risks
Platform rules
- Meta IndustryCommunity Standards
- X IndustryThe X Rules
Classifier label sets
- MLCommons Multi-stakeholderAILuminate v1.0 hazard taxonomy
- Meta IndustryLlama Guard 4 hazard categories
- Google IndustryGemini API safety filter categories
- Google Jigsaw IndustryPerspective API attributes (service ends 31 December 2026)
- OpenAI IndustryModeration categories
- Microsoft IndustryAzure AI Content Safety harm categories
AI use policies
- Anthropic IndustryUsage Policy
Research taxonomies
- Livingstone and Stoilova (CO:RE) ResearchThe 4Cs: Classifying Online Risk to Children
- Banko, MacKeen and Ray ResearchA Unified Taxonomy of Harmful Content
Glossaries and terminology
Glossaries and terminology guidelines define words rather than sort harms into categories, so they are not one of the eight types of source. We use them as reference vocabularies: we plan to record their harm-related terms and link them to the categories above whose definitions come from them or can be compared with them.
- Digital Trust & Safety Partnership Multi-stakeholderTrust and Safety Glossary of Terms
- Interagency Working Group / ECPAT Multi-stakeholderTerminology Guidelines for the Protection of Children from Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (second edition)